
Lord Krishna
Divine TeacherThe Supreme Lord, the charioteer and divine guide of Arjuna. Krishna delivers the eternal wisdom of the Gita, revealing the nature of the soul, duty, and the path to liberation.
Speaking: Chapter 4, Verse 13
Verse 13
Hard VerseThe Yoga of Knowledge and Action
According to the three modes of material nature and the work associated with them, the four divisions of human society are created by Me. And although I am the creator of this system, you should know that I am yet the non-doer, being unchangeable.
Context & Meaning
The four-fold social order (varnas) was established by Krishna based on qualities (gunas) and work (karma), not birth. Yet Krishna remains the non-doer — the system operates through nature, not personal involvement.
Scholar Commentaries
1 commentary · Public domainBal Gangadhar Tilak
Gita Rahasya — B.G. TilakTilak stressed that "guṇakarmavibhāgaśaḥ" — by the division of qualities and actions — is the operative principle of varna. It is a functional classification, not a hereditary one. A person is a Brahmin by virtue of knowledge and character, not by birth. This verse has been used by reformers to argue for a merit-based, not caste-by-birth, social order.